diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/de/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/de/common.json
index b70ef46a..8cd74d91 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/de/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/de/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Aktuell",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Tatsächliche Zeit",
+        "TBD": "Wird geklärt",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Wechsel des Flughafens",
         "ALL_DAY": "Ganztägig",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
index 7acc2af1..439d7bfa 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
@@ -299,6 +299,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Actual",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Actual Time",
+        "TBD": "Pending",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Different airports",
         "ALL_DAY": "All day",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/es/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/es/common.json
index 84396df7..026eae43 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/es/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/es/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Real",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Hora real",
+        "TBD": "Por especificar",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Aeropuertos diferentes",
         "ALL_DAY": "Todo el día",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/fr/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/fr/common.json
index db04583f..06b76000 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/fr/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/fr/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Réelle",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Heure réelle",
+        "TBD": "À clarifier",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Aéroports différents",
         "ALL_DAY": "Toute la journée",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/it/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/it/common.json
index 6a67bef8..f862db6a 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/it/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/it/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Effettivo",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Ora effettiva",
+        "TBD": "Da chiarire",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Aeroporti diversi",
         "ALL_DAY": "Tutto il giorno",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ja/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/ja/common.json
index 5f789bdd..10f95ee4 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ja/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ja/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "実際",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "実際の時間",
+        "TBD": "確認中",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "別の空港",
         "ALL_DAY": "終日",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ko/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/ko/common.json
index 357c2c2a..6393c060 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ko/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ko/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "실제",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "실제 시간",
+        "TBD": "확인 중",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "다른 공항",
         "ALL_DAY": "전체",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ru/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/ru/common.json
index 0f5ba6ef..36b02a7a 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ru/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ru/common.json
@@ -299,6 +299,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "Фактическое",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "Фактическое время",
+        "TBD": "Уточняется",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "Смена аэропорта",
         "ALL_DAY": "Весь день",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "Все направления",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh/common.json
index 126d25d2..939a5d6e 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh/common.json
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@
     "SHARED": {
         "ACTUAL": "实际",
         "ACTUAL-TIME": "实际时间",
+        "TBD": "待确定",
         "AIRPORT_CHANGE": "不同机场",
         "ALL_DAY": "全天",
         "ALL_DIRECTIONS": "All directions",
diff --git a/src/shared/tbd.test.ts b/src/shared/tbd.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b83ad492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shared/tbd.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { tbdOr } from "./tbd.js";
+
+describe("4.1.23-R: tbdOr fallback", () => {
+  const t = (k: string) => (k === "SHARED.TBD" ? "Уточняется" : k);
+
+  it("returns TBD string for null", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr(null, t)).toBe("Уточняется");
+  });
+
+  it("returns TBD string for undefined", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr(undefined, t)).toBe("Уточняется");
+  });
+
+  it("returns TBD string for empty string", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr("", t)).toBe("Уточняется");
+  });
+
+  it("returns TBD string for whitespace-only string", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr("   ", t)).toBe("Уточняется");
+  });
+
+  it("returns the value when non-empty string", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr("A320", t)).toBe("A320");
+  });
+
+  it("returns numeric value as-is", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr(42, t)).toBe(42);
+  });
+
+  it("returns non-string non-number values as-is", () => {
+    const obj = { code: "MOW" };
+    expect(tbdOr(obj, t)).toBe(obj);
+  });
+
+  it("returns 0 as-is (not treated as missing)", () => {
+    expect(tbdOr(0, t)).toBe(0);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/shared/tbd.ts b/src/shared/tbd.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5998b417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shared/tbd.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/**
+ * "Уточняется" fallback per TZ §4.1.23.
+ *
+ * When a field is null / undefined / empty string / whitespace, returns
+ * the localized "Уточняется" label. Otherwise returns the value as-is.
+ *
+ * NOTE: Only apply to fields TZ explicitly enumerates for this fallback
+ * (gate, terminal, aircraft type, bag belt, dispatch type, etc.). Don't
+ * use as a blanket fallback for all nullable fields — Angular reference
+ * uses dashes/absent rendering for fields not listed in §4.1.23.
+ *
+ * Styling: callers are responsible for applying the orange color class
+ * (`.tbd-text` or equivalent) when rendering the fallback string.
+ */
+
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+type TFunction = (key: string, opts?: any) => string;
+
+export function tbdOr<T>(
+  value: T | null | undefined,
+  t: TFunction,
+): T | string {
+  if (value === null || value === undefined) return t("SHARED.TBD");
+  if (typeof value === "string" && value.trim() === "") return t("SHARED.TBD");
+  return value;
+}
diff --git a/src/styles/_common.scss b/src/styles/_common.scss
index c783e707..f898addd 100644
--- a/src/styles/_common.scss
+++ b/src/styles/_common.scss
@@ -45,3 +45,8 @@
 .wrapper-header {
     z-index: 1002;
 }
+
+// TZ §4.1.23: "Уточняется" fallback label styling (orange color)
+.tbd-text {
+    color: $orange;
+}